The 18 Hardest ACT English Questions Ever

The 18 Hardest ACT English Questions Ever SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In the event that you’ve been working diligently reading for the ACT, you’ve aced the essentials of the test. Yet, would you say you are prepared to handle the hardest language structure, accentuation, linguistic structure, and composing rationale addresses that ACT English will toss at you? Peruse this article to take a stab at 18 of the hardest, most befuddling difficulties ACT English stances. At that point look at the nitty gritty clarifications of what really matters to each address, how to tackle it and others like it, and what to keep an eye out for when confronted with comparable inquiries on the genuine test. For what reason Should You Care About the Hardest ACT English Questions? Obviously it is a great idea to have the option to respond to all the inquiries you'll see on the ACT. In any case, how profoundly you ought to be worried about acing the hardest inquiries relies upon what yourtarget score is. Are you attempting to get as near aperfect ACT score as possible?Getting over a 33 on ACT English leaves basically no space for mistake, so if you’re focusing on the most elevated scores, these are the issues you should be capable toanswer accurately. On the off chance that you’re lessconcerned with getting the most ideal score, at that point it’s great to recognize what the hardest inquiries resemble on the grounds that your system might be to skirt some of them. What Makes ACT EnglishQuestions Hard? Shockingly, questions aren’t hard in light of the fact that they test new or increasingly complex material.Instead, makes the hardest inquiries so testing that frequently, they solicit you to complete a few sorts from deduction simultaneously. Frequently, questions propose counterfactual thoughts, where you need to remember both the first and a totally unique adaptation of the content. For instance, a customary perusing appreciation inquiry would pose to what the central matter of an entry is. In the mean time, a troublesome perusing appreciation question would initially introduce a situation where the entry was adjusted somehow or another, and afterward ask how its central matter would change thus. (See Question 8 underneath for how this functions practically speaking.) Likewise conceivable are questions that test a few distinctive sentence structure, accentuation, and style issues without a moment's delay. For example, each proposed answer decision for a hard language structure based inquiry could be totally conceivable as opposed to clearly off-base. You would need to look over the sentence for significance and style, not simply syntactic data, so as to answer accurately. (Question 5 does this specific stunt.) At long last, questions can include a layer of multifaceted nature byswitching from a conscientious to a major picture center. You could be asked to effectively finish a sentence in a section - and afterward understand that your answer changes relying upon how you decipher that entry! (Question 7 is a model ofthis.) Intricacy is made when numerous basic things are layered on one another. Spoiler Warning! Before I show you the real hardest inquiries, I believe it's not out of the question to caution you. These inquiries are all fromthe official ACT practice tests(the PDF tests, not the online oneon the ACT site)! On the off chance that you’re the kind of individual who will see them once and recollect them perpetually, perhaps stand by to peruse the remainder of the article till after you’ve taken the training tests in test-day conditions. The Hardest ACT English Questions Since ACT English is a completely entry based area, these inquiries originate from long entries, which I generally haven’t included. Attempt to respond to each examine in regarding 35 seconds †that’s to what extent you’ll have on the test. When you're set, look at theanswer and clarification that follows each question. Question 1 The area made along these lines and cleared it with pressed rock, so they would have a tranquil spot to climb and bicycle. Which of the accompanying options in contrast to the underlined segment would NOT be adequate? way, clearing way and afterward cleared way before clearing way cleared The Challenge This inquiry is hard for two reasons. To start with, in light of the fact that your mind is prepared to accept that most answers aren't right, so this converse inquiry group - where the greater part of the appropriate responses are right - is testing. Also, second,because each recommended choice tests your insight into an alternate bit of sentence structure. Answer: D Clarification To locate the unsuitable other option, let’s first make sense of the meaningof the first sentence. Two things occurred: first the district made the way, and afterward the region cleared it. So any answer decisions that express this grouping of occasions would fit the sentence, and hence not be an inappropriate answer that we are searching for here. Answers A, B, and C all express a similar thought in somewhat extraordinary ways,creating entirely syntactic expressions. Presently let’s see what happens when we plug in answer J. We get this strange sentence: â€Å"The area made along these lines cleared it with pressed gravel†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is obviously arun-on sentence, so answer J is our oddball. Question 2 The principal train took twenty-six minutes to finish the course, which ran from City Hall to West 145th Street in less than a thirty minutes. NO CHANGE in the fulfillment of its course. in twenty-six minutes. Erase the underlined bit and end the sentence with a period. The Challenge Repetition is now and again precarious to spot. Particularly when, as here, the rehashing thing is an idea as opposed to a word utilized more than once, and is put far away in the sentence from whatever it’s copying. Answer: D Clarification You initially need to understand that 26 minutes is a similar thing as under a than half hour.Once you see this, you realize that the inquiry is trying altering out reiteration. The first (answer A) doesn’t work, since it’s rehashing the course length previously portrayed in the start of the sentence.Answer C has a similar issue †it’s rehashing the course time precisely as of now expressed.Answer B takes one sort of excess and replaces it with another, since it’s only a variation of the words â€Å"to complete the route† as of now in the sentence. Along these lines, the main answer that fixes all the redundancies is D. Question 3 The fresco is a unique work on the grounds that, by catching the vitality, mankind, and aggregate accomplishment of the Detroit laborers, praises every single working man and ladies. NO CHANGE that, while, that was, The Challenge By intruding on the sentence with a long aside, the inquiry breaks your fixation and makes it difficult to see that in spite of the fact that â€Å"because† fits the significance and rationale of the sentence, it isn't syntactic. Answer: B Clarification In the event that you understand that the sentence is being broken fifty-fifty by a long enlightening expression, at that point you can essentially take it out! Without the phraseby catching the vitality, humankind, and aggregate accomplishment of the Detroit laborers, our sentence basically peruses: The fresco is a unique work in light of the fact that commends every working man and ladies. That plainly doesn't work, so answer An is out. Presently you can essentially connect different responses to see which of them bodes well. C and D additionally make jabber sentences. Answer B is the main decision that gives us an utilitarian sentence with orwithoutthe long engaging expression. Question 4 We talked simply as we had before, when we would sit in the field behind Joan’s house on the bunny cubby and examine our companions and our desires for what's to come. NO CHANGE in the field on the hare pen behind Joan’s house on the hare pen in the field behind Joan’s house behind Joan’s house in the field on the hare pen The Challenge This inquiry is tied in with making sense of how to fixmisplaced modifiers. It's hard in light of the fact that there’s a confounding disorder of three distinctive prepositional expressions that you need to sort into the correct request. Answer: C Clarification Let make a psychological picture of what’s occurring, and afterward zoom out to do the right arrangement of bodies. Envision a film camera truly zooming out from the discussion to give us where these two individuals are: There are two individuals. They are perched on the bunny pen (fundamentally a little shed). The pen is in a field. The field is behind Joan’s house. Alright, so now let’s experience the responses to see which depicts that reality. The first content (answer A) says, fundamentally: There are two individuals. They are sitting in a field. The field is behind Joan’s house. Either the field or Joan’s house is on the bunny box. That has neither rhyme nor reason. Answer Bgoes: There are two individuals. They’re sitting in a field. The field is on the bunny hutch†¦ alright, that’s additionally off-base. Answer Dhas: There are two individuals. They are sitting behind Joan’s house. They are in a field. The field is on the bunny box. That’s a similar issue once more. Just answer Cfits our psychological picture of the scene. Try not to picture the bunnies in your psychological film, however. Their adorableness is too diverting. Question 5 In some agrarian pieces of Japan, for example, these three stars are normally alluded to as Karasuki and speak to a three-pronged furrow. Given that all the decisions are valid, which one gives a detail that has the most immediate association with the data that follows in this sentence? NO CHANGE far off populated notable The Challenge Questions where there is no coherently â€Å"wrong† answer are hard in light of the fact that you can’t effectively wipe out answers by a speedy look. Here, you need to extricate the right data from the sentence and fit it to thevocabulary advertised. Answer: A Clarification Since the inquiry pose to us to associate anadjective to what the sentence is about, let’s first make sense of what is being depicted. The bits of data we have are: Something about stars An outside word for the stars The stars resemble a sort

Barnes & Noble - Inc. Versus Borders Group - Inc.

Question: Depict about the Report for Barnes Noble, Inc. Versus Borders Group, Inc. Answer: Presentation Persistent mechanical advancement is quickly surpassing the retail data the executives that has been set up for quite a long time. Comprehensive data frameworks that can be utilized for the board and retail simultaneously are fundamental for the accomplishment of a business. Organizations that make and actualize vital plans on data frameworks (IS) at the perfect time have higher odds of improving and standing apart in the midst of difficulties while the others fall flat. This paper depicts two associations in the book retail industry. Barnes Noble is a case of an association that prevailing with regards to increasing upper hand by means of IT. Then again, Borders Group is a case of an association that was ineffective in improving its upper hand through IT/IS. Barnes Noble, Inc. - Successful Example Barnes Noble, Inc. is one of the biggest book retailers in the United States. It is a Fortune 500 organization, recently positioned at position 423. Moreover, the association is a main computerized media content and instructive items retailer all through the nation. As indicated by Fortune 500 (2016), the organization has 649 stores in all States inside America and has 37,000 workers. After a progression of insolvencies and converges of firms in the American book shop industry over the most recent two decades, Barnes Noble despite everything remains as the staying national book shops. Barnes Noble was established in 1886 under the name Arthur Hinds Company. The name was changed in 1894 to Hinds Noble when Gilbert Clifford Noble turned into an accomplice. In 1917, Noble purchased Hinds and joined forces with William Barnes, after which they named the organization Barnes Noble (Barnes Noble Inc, 2013). The organization has been changing to remember data innovation for its exercises so as to stay with the at the highest point of the business. At present, the organization is notable for NOOK, a suite for digital book perusers it created. The Nook is in rivalry with Kobo eReader, Amazon Kindle just as other tablets, for example, iBooks that are utilized in iOS gadgets. The present adaptation of the NOOK is client inviting on the grounds that it has Wi-Fi network, Sudoku games, a word reference and chess in addition to other things (Rosen, 2015). Barnes Noble has done this and considerably more to pick up and keep up an upper hand that its rivals couldn't adapt up to. Achievement Factors The achievement of this association has been because of the techniques that have been set up to grasp Information Technology (IT) as the world advances in innovation. Other than the physical stores the organization has built up everywhere throughout the nation, IT has empowered it to increase an expansive online nearness. Distinctive inward and outside components have empowered the organization to improve its upper hand as demonstrated in the subsections beneath. Interior Factors that affected Barnes Nobles Success Throughout the years, the organization grasped changes that went ahead the way. For example, in 1931, the organization opened a distributing division and started opening stores in different States. In 1970s, the organization was under a decent administration of Leonard Riggio, who rolled out extraordinary improvements to resuscitate it after around two years of fumble. So as to grasp IT in its advertising methodologies, Barnes and Nobles was the main book shop to make adverts on TV in 1974 (Barnes Noble Inc, 2016). Notwithstanding the TV notices, the organization began selling books on 40 percent limits inasmuch as the title positioned the top of the line in The New York Times paper. Under its great administration, the organization bought Dalton stores in 1986. By 1999, the organization turned into the second-biggest book shop online in the United States. Organization pundits asserted that the organization prompted a decrease of the other neighborhood book retailers (Barnes Noble Founder, 2016). As a transition to incorporate more IT to its previously existing mail-request indexes, the organization made a site, where it started selling books online by 1980s. The site was propelled in 1997. Presently, the site conveys more than 2.3 million titles. On October 2007, the organization propelled an online abstract style webpage by the name Barnes Noble Review. It highlighted sections, book audits and meetings from various writers and pundits. The site additionally gave papers to music pundits, for example, Robert Christgau. The organization additionally ran Gameshop retail outlets, somewhere in the range of 1999 and 2004, where computer games were sold. More IT was consolidated into the organization as mechanical progressions proceeded. In 2010, William Lynch, who was the Website president, turned into the Companys CEO. As the Companys by and large director, he made the organization grasp Information frameworks to a most extreme. During his time there, the organization propelled the electronic book shop. Later on, the Nook, an electronic book peruser was presented. It was under his administration that the organization got well known for its computerized books. Lynch surrendered in 2013. Outer Factors that Influenced Success A few outer elements affected the accomplishment of Barnes Nobles. Somewhere in the range of 1965 and 1990s book industry was developing at a high rate yet organizations in the business were hesitant to snatch the chance. During a similar time, revelation of PCs prompted advancement of data frameworks for various enterprises. In the retail business, organizations like Barnes Noble got the chance to accumulate client inputs with the goal that they could make upgrades for higher consumer loyalty. Utilizing the data frameworks, that were accessible around then, the organization gathered information on advertise so as to figure out what the clients required. It was after this that the organization opened little markdown stores that were later supplanted by the bigger stores. Furthermore, the information gathered showed that more deals would be made if the organization distributed its own books. The began distributing its books. Later on, so as to raise consumer loyalty, the organization began selling the books they distributed to mail-request clients. It was right now that the organization saw the advantages of grasping IT. Books that were sold in mail-request inventories were moderate reissues that empowered the association to arrive at new clients everywhere throughout the nation (Barnes Noble Inc, 2016). Before the finish of 1974, Barnes and Nobles Fifth Avenue store had overwhelmed Londons Foyles bookshop, making it the greatest book shop around the world. In 2011, the conclusion and insolvency of contender, Border Group, left Barnes Noble the main staying national book retailer in the U.S. A progression of insolvencies and mergers in the American book industry followed. Waldenbooks, Crown Books and B.Dalton, among others were shut down. That pattern extended Barnes Noble's market and caused it to prevail during those intense occasions. The current greatest physical Barnes Noble's book shop rival is Books-A-Million, an organization that doesn't work in the West of U.S. Different organizations that as of now contend with Barnes Noble incorporate general retailers, for example, Amazon.com, free and local book shops (Townsend, 2013). In spite of the fact that the organization imparts the little market to all the more innovatively up and coming associations, the organization has consistently grasped IT/IS to upgrade its upper hand. SWOT Analysis Qualities The firm is settled and has a market capitalization of more than $ 2 billion. Its selling of DVDs, CDs, magazines, digital books and books makes it a one-stop outlet for media. It is among Fortune 500 organizations. The firm uses a few channels to disseminate items on the web and stores. It additionally has a solid money related position (Barnes Noble, Inc., 2013). Shortcomings Most stores are inside U.S. implying that the market is constrained. Openings Internet business is developing. The firm should utilize web to cover a bigger region than the U.S. advertise. The spending of buyers is likewise expanding. The organization can dominate and mutually adventure on the little huge firms that have best brands. Dangers Firms, for example, Amazon, and open libraries are a danger to this firm. Online rivalry and book shop retails are expanding. Books are subbed by digital books at a high rate (Barnes Noble, Inc. SWOT Analysis, 2013) Outskirts Group-Unsuccessful Example Outskirts Group is a genuine case of an organization that fizzled in light of the fact that it didn't completely fuse data innovation or data frameworks as its rival was doing as such. Outskirts Group, a worldwide book retailer was established in the year 1971 by two siblings and Michigan graduates, Tom and Louis Borders. The two built up the association when they neglected to intrigue book shops that were at that point in the business, in their stock and deals following framework (PR, 2015). Their Information framework could anticipate request in specific networks. The disappointment of different book shops to be intrigued with their advancement incited them to begin a firm, Border Group. The organization had a decent beginning since it depended on an IT thought that no other book retailer was keen on. Interior Factors that Influenced Borders Failure Outskirts was no other book retailer that involved a huge retail region. The people who began it were likewise the directors that saw its prosperity quite a while that followed. In the initial two decades, the representatives were given to the activity that they did. They had pride on the information on the segments that they were doled out. To clients, the store had changed into a library and an asylum, where they would get in and were lost (Grossman, 2016). All these changed when the Borders was obtained by Kmart and the administration changed. In 1992, Kmart procured Borders Group. The firm, Kmart, had likewise gained Waldenbooks in 1984. Waldenbooks was a shopping center based book chain. Kmart had been battling with book division since the time it procured Waldenbooks. One factor that prompted the disappointment of Borders Group was change of the executives and blending a zone of battle. Kmart combined Wald

Car Maintenance Tips That Will Save You Money Down the Road

Car Maintenance Tips That Will Save You Money Down the Road Car Maintenance Tips That Will Save You Money Down the Road Car Maintenance Tips That Will Save You Money Down the RoadSpending a little bit of money now, plus taking the time to learn some DIY car maintenance, will mean big savings later on.A car has a special place in our lives: It’s our home away from home, the thing that enables our freedom to travel beyond walking distance from where we live. It takes us to work on time. It safely transports our loved ones. Some of us spend hours upon hours in our car weekly. And yet, as much as we depend upon our cars, our cars can rarely depend upon us.How many of us, when the oil change light comes on, just keep on driving for another thousand miles? How many of us have taken out a dangerous title loan on our car? When was the last time you properly checked your tire pressure or rotated your tires?The truth is, even if an extra $40 here and there seems like an inconvenience not worth dealing with, we owe it to ourselves (and our car) to keep up the maintenance to save ourselves hundreds of thousands of dollars in desperate attempts to extend the life of the car a little longer.This article will show you how to save approximately $2,300 over five years of the life of your car.Use your car maintenance schedule.Every car comes with a recommended car schedule. If you no longer have your car manual, look it up online. Many manufacturers have car owner’s manuals available in PDF form.This will save you money so you don’t have to go by the safest recommendations. For example, common wisdom says you should change your oil every 3,000 miles. But some cars can go much longer. The car manual will let you know for sure.The manual will also act as your guide to checking certain things in the engine and in the rest of the vehicle.Learn to change your own oil.The reason why it’s so quick and easy to get in and out of Jiffy Lube is that changing oil is quick and easy! You just have to learn how and get the right equipment. The equipment can cost some money, but once invested, you can u se it again and again and change your own oil at a low cost.Let’s do the math:An oil change with full synthetic oil can cost $60.Buying your own synthetic oil and an oil filter costs $35.You might have to buy around $100 of equipment to be able to do it, but over five years the savings are enormous. Assuming you’re talking about four oil changes a year, paying for an oil change costs $1,200 over five years and doing it yourself costs $800. That’s $400 in savings.Materials You Need to Change Your Own Oil:Oil drain pan: $25Oil funnel: $10Vehicle ramps to lift car: $40Oil filter wrench: $15Full Synthetic Premium Oil: $25Oil filter: $10Latex gloves: $2There are also dozens of YouTube videos on how to do this procedure properly.Check your tire pressure at the gas station.Many people don’t bother checking their tire pressure since the dashboard has an idiot light indicating that the tire pressure is too low. But, at that point, the deflating tires could already be affecting your t ire alignment. Sadly, a tire alignment costs nearly $200.On top of that, if your tires aren’t properly aligned, it can also cause other expensive damages. The tires will wear out unevenly. It can also increase wear and tear on vehicle suspension.Plus, poorly aligned tires will make it more difficult to drive safely!Luckily, the solution to all this is incredibly cheap. Many gas stations, such as Wawa, have a free machine that will check your tire pressure. We recommend doing this monthly when you happen to be refilling your tank. At Wawa, this is totally free. And if you should happen to require to fill your tires a little, it only costs a couple dollars.You can find the pressure you should expect your tires to be at on the inside of the driver’s side door.Rotate your tires.Rotating your tires can be done for less than $50 at a shop, or even more cheaply yourself with a jack and a wrench, which usually comes supplied with your car. The important part is that you rotate them at a ll.Tires in different parts of the car get worn out at different speeds, so rotating them will extend the life of your entire tire set, saving you hundreds on replacing all your tires.Wash your car.Washing your car is mostly a cosmetic factor. But it’s important. Dirt and grime dont simply sit innocently on top of your car. Contaminantsâ€"especially acidic ones like bird droppings and bugsâ€"can damage the paint and possibly even scratch the metal underneath.Some detailing experts recommend washing the car weekly, but it probably depends on where you live and how your car is looking. A little dust is something you can ignore longer, while bird droppings can start to mess with the paint relatively quickly.This saves you money far down the roadâ€"in the resale value. Unless you want to pay expensive rates for touching up paint, maintaining the car’s exterior (and interior), keeping it nice will do a lot towards customers being more willing to hand over extra cash.After all, when y ou’re shopping for used cars and it looks like a car has never been washed, you will assume someone didn’t maintain the rest of the car too. You’ll believe the car has less value.Change your air filter yourself.The air filter is a cheap thing to replace, but its important. Most air filters only cost around $20, yet they preserve an expensive and vital piece of equipment: the A/C system.The air conditioning in a car is an important aspect of your comfort while driving. Plus, like the above tip, having a working A/C has a great effect on resale value, while costing hundreds to fix.An air filter change is something that is often offered as part of an oil change, but skip the extra expense and do it yourself. Buy the filter from an auto parts store and check out a how-to on YouTube. It only takes a few minutes.This is a little bit more advanced, but you can also teach yourself how to check the A/C unit parts for damages (such as to the hoses) so that you can catch problems before they get too bad.Replace belts before they break.Be sure to check your engine belts on the recommended car maintenance schedule and replace them when you’re noticing fraying or cracks. If an engine belt breaks while using the car, it could whip around and get twisted up in the engine, causing extra damage and making the whole repair particularly expensive.On this list, this factor is most likely to be a really high and unexpected expense if left unchecked. You don’t want to take out any cash advances or payday loans to have to pay for this kind of damage.Total savings over five years:Changing your own oil: $400Checking tire pressure: $400 (cost of an alignment repair and tire and suspension damage)Tire rotation: $700 (cost of a new tire set)Changing air filter: $500 (average A/C repair costs)Wash your car: $300 (detailing and paint correction)Total: $2,300To learn more about saving money on everyday expenses, check out  these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Save Money Thi s Summer by Saving EnergySave a Few Bucks on Fido with These DIY Pet ToysReusable Purchases That Will Save You Money in the Long RunHow to Use the Library to Save MoneyDo you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |Instagram

Scaffolding - A Instructional Strategy of Instructional Delivery for Special Education

Definition: Scaffolding is a word, like chunking, that describes how instruction is planned and delivered to students receiving special education services. All instruction is built on prior knowledge and students with disabilities often come without the same skill set or prior knowledge as their typical peers. A teacher is challenged to find the childs strengths and build on them to teach the important skills that will lead them either to academic or functional success. Often students with disabilities will not have the skill set their same aged peers have, and will need to have the components scaffolded to help them move on to an age appropriate set of academic skills.   A child who hasnt learned to write a multiple paragraph report may need to start at sentences, move on to a graphic organizer for a paragraph.   Once they can find the information and words they need, they may be ready to learn how to organizer their own paragraph.   Once one, then multiple paragraphs.   One of my autistic students with little independent language had strong counting skills. We used touch math as a way to teach him addition and subtraction, scaffolding on his strength in letter recognition, counting and memory of rote tasks.   He was able to do multiple addition and then subtraction problems without regrouping once he mastered the algorithms.   Ã‚   Alternate Spellings: Scaffold, Scaffolding, Scaffolded Examples Example 1 - Math: In order for Mrs. Stanley to help Roger learn the plane figures in geometry, she built on his interest in dot to dots. By repeatedly connecting the lettered vertices of the triangle, rectangle, square, rhombus, and other polygons, Roger was able remember both the names and criteria for each of the plane figures. Example 2 - Writing: Clarence is good at spelling and likes to write words he had memorized.    His teacher started to use that interest by creating graphic organizers where he could choose words for his sentences.   Next, his teacher finds out Clarences interests beyond electronic games.   Clarence loves African animals.   The teacher shows Clarence how to search for pictures of favorite animals and download them as jpegs.   Then Clarence learns how to place the pictures in a publishing program and add a caption.Once Clarence has found his favorite animals, the teacher will create a   note book.   Then he will guide Clarence how to do a web search to find facts about the animals on a fact sheet:   What kind of animal? (mammal, fish, bird, reptile, etc.)   What do they eat?   Where are they on the food chain?   A predator or grazer?   After Clarence has collected lots of information on the fact sheets, the teacher will provide a graphic organizer with the topic sentences for each paragraph in a graphic organizer.   Clarence will use the skill he gained f rom the first level of the scaffold (writing a sentence in a template/graphic organizer) to writing about each animal of interest.  Publish. Clarence drops pictures into the text and creates a book.   Spring for color printing, maybe even binding.

Psychoactive Drugs The Single Convention On Narcotic Drugs

In 1961 the UN adopted the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, where it was noted that the problem requires urgent and priority, and in 1984 in the Declaration on the fight against drug trafficking and drug abuse the entire conglomerate of problems, ranging from illicit manufacturing and trafficking to abuse, called shameful and disgusting crime. And it can be called a kind of ostrich policy† (The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961). There are four key groups of psychoactive drugs: stimulants, depressants, opioids and hallucinogens. This classification is conditional because most psychoactive drugs have several effects on the psychological and physical activity of the body, depending on the dose and duration of use.] The use†¦show more content†¦Marijuana is used to heighten perception, affect mood, and relax. Many people think marijuana is harmless, but it is not. Signs of marijuana use include red eyes, lethargy, and uncoordinated body movements. The long-term effects may include decrease in motivation and harmful effects on the brain, heart, lungs, and reproductive system. People who smoke marijuana are also at increased risk of developing cancer of the head and neck. A pharmaceutical product, Marinol, that contains synthetic THC, is available as a prescription medication. It comes in the form of a pill (eliminating the harmful and cancer-causing chemicals present when marijuana is smoked) and is used to relieve the nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy for cancer patients and to treat loss of appetite in AIDS patients. (Definition of Marijuana Definition of Alcohol 2012) The aim of this essay is to compare and contrast two different psychoactive drugs, Alcohol and Marihuana, grounded on physical and psychological addiction they cause. Alcohol can be stimulant in small doses and depressant in large doses, whilst marihuana belongs to the hallucinogen group and, therefore, can be depressant depending on our mood Alcohol dependence is a leader in the structure of a substance abuse. The NHS estimates that just under one in 10 (8.7%) men in the UK and one in 20 (3.3%) UK women show signs of alcohol dependence (sometimes known as â€Å"alcoholism†), (The NHS

Madame Bovary Personal Response Free Essays

In part two of Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert we see Emma’s development as a character in a negative way. Emma’s development is seen as she embarks on a path to moral and financial corruption all for a search of love and passion. The passion and love Emma seeks cannot be found in the reality of that time causing her to feel imprisoned in society with Charles whom she has no passion or lust for. We will write a custom essay sample on Madame Bovary Personal Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now To Emma love is defined as lustful, spontaneous action which she only reads about in her romance novels. SHe learns to fulfill this inner lust by undertaking in adultery with different men.Throughout this section of the novel we see the emotions Emma encounters, guilt, anger, lust, passion and spiritual longing. â€Å"The more Emma became aware of her love, the more she suppressed it. She would have liked Leon to guess at it†¦ † [p. 86] This quote shows the change is Emma’s character from part one due to the fact that in part one she only longed for such a relationship and what she read in books and took pity on herself while now she has taken action by committing adultery. When Emma first meets Leon there is a spark and common interests emerge unlike between Emma and Charles. This is seen in the quote â€Å"Their Eyes indeed were full of more serious conversation; and, while they were struggling in search of banal phrases, each felt assailed by the same langour; it was like a murmur from the soul†¦ † [p. 88] Emma’s Lust for Leon is an example of the commencement of her thoughts of adultery actions, once Leon leaves she becomes even less satisfied by Charles than before and continues to seek for that same love she had for Leon. She goes to such extremes with love due to her idea of love coming from novels, this is seen when she considers ruining after Leo after he had left for Paris.This part of the novel is seen as Emma’s attempt at filling an empty gap in her hear in search of romance that she has always longer for yet never grasped. She seems to do this by committing such unfaithful acts. â€Å"†¦ but i always relish the upheaval; I do love being on the move. † This quote emphasizes the fact that Emma cannot stay with one decision or be in one place for a long period of time because she is easily bored and dissatisfied. Once Leon leaves Mme. Bovary has an understanding of her feelings for Leon and her regret for not pursuing these feelings. the bad days form Tostes came back again. † [p. 114] Emma then realizes the option of adultery and Leon was the one to open this idea up to her.This is what leads her to commit adultery later on in this section of the novel. The second major development is the love affair between Mme. Bovary and Rodolphe. This love affair fulfills the dream of the romance she has always longed for from the books that she has read. â€Å"She merged onto her own imaginings, played a real part, realizing the long dream of her youth, seeing herself as one of those great lovers she had so long envied! † [p. 51] This quote emphasizes Emma’s happiness and sense of accomplishment that she feels during the affair. This is a development in her character because this can be compared to previous areas in the book where she was bored and unhappy waiting for something to occur this sudden even has now changed this view on life to a more happy one.This is because there was now an aspect of excitement that allows her to experience her dreams that she has so long longed for which causes her to isolate herself from reality. This is seen when she wants to run away with Rodolphe â€Å"Take me away! † [p. 80] This also shows Emma’s selfish behavior because she is acting only to please herself while Charles sacrifices his love and lets Emma be with Rodolphe to treat her depression (illness). The final major development in Emma is when she is plunged back into reality with the letter the Rodolphe sends her. This letter allows her to realize the difference between the romantic novels and dreams and reality. The fact that she had so many ideas to pursue with Rodolphe such as running away which she though would allow her total freedom.However these longings are all crushed and the caged feeling from before begins to come back again. why have not done with it? Who was to stop her? She was free† This quote shows her thoughts of running away with Rodolphe and how she want to be free. In conclusion these major developments such as the love for Leon and the introduction to the idea of adultery as well as the affair with Rodolphe and the longing for freedom show Madame Bovary’s change throughout part two of the novel. One is also able to see the constant unstable actions of Emma and her decisions. She is one to go from being spiritual to wanting to commit suicide, then desiring a proper family household and yet none of these make her happy for very long. How to cite Madame Bovary Personal Response, Papers

Infant Immunisation Specific Disease

Question: Discuss about the Infant Immunisation for Specific Disease. Answer: Infant Immunization Should be Legally Enforced. Immunisation is the process of getting a vaccine to become immune to a specific disease. Mostly given to infants to make them immune for the rest of their lives or periodically. It therefore should be legally enforced due to its benefits. Immunization has saved millions of lives and prevented illnesses and lifelong disability. A large number of childhood diseases that caused death, lifelong consequences and hospitalization can now be prevented through vaccination (Arevshatian, et al., 2007). This is so far the most important decision a parent could make in protecting their children from serious diseases since there is currently no effective alternative to immunization. However there has been confusing, conflicting and misleading information about vaccines. Vaccines are safe and effective as they have been carefully reviewed by scientists and doctors (Burton, et al., 2009). They may cause pain and discomfort during administration but that is much less compared to the trauma, pain and discomfort the diseases immunized against can cause. Physicians, the CDC and the AAP have recommended a vaccine schedule for healthcare providers. This include vaccines for Hib, DTaP, RV, HepB, PCV, IPV and many more to ensure a healthy start of childrens life. Vaccination has brought near to extinction (e.g. smallpox) and eliminated many dreaded diseases like polio that was most feared in the past, causing paralysis and death. mmunization not only protects you but also aid in preventing spread of some diseases to your loved ones and friends. This is also important in the protection of young children that are not able to be given some vaccinations maybe because of severe allergies (Braun, et al., 2000). There has been a resurgence of whooping cough and measles therefore vaccination is really a must. If we keep up with vaccinating, and making sure every child is vaccinated, in future generations we may not have some diseases anymore. Therefore to achieve complete vaccination, we have to legally enforce immunization. References Arevshatian, L., Clements, C. J., Lwanga, S. K., Misore, A. O., Ndumbe, P., Seward, J. F., Taylor, P. (2007). An evaluation of infant immunization in Africa: is a transformation in progress?. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 85(6), 449-457. Braun, M. M., Mootrey, G. T., Salive, M. E., Chen, R. T., Ellenberg, S. S., VAERS Working Group. (2000). Infant immunization with acellular pertussis vaccines in the United States: assessment of the first two years' data from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Pediatrics, 106(4), e51-e51. Burton, A., Monasch, R., Lautenbach, B., Gacic-Dobo, M., Neill, M., Karimov, R., ... Birmingham, M. (2009). WHO and UNICEF estimates of national infant immunization coverage: methods and processes. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 87(7), 535-541.

What Leadership means to me and a time when I was affected by good leadership free essay sample

â€Å"If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.† Those words were spoken by the sixth president of the United States of America, John Quincy Adams. He almost perfectly describes leadership. A leader does not have to be rich, smart, or elegant; a leader is someone who inspires. I believe the reason people, like John Quincy Adams, become great leaders is because they were inspired by something. They see a need for change, and they have an idea of how to get there. Leadership to me is when someone does not even know they are the leader, yet they inspire many. Last September, I got a new job at Marshalls. I felt a little nervous and lost my first few days, but then I met Theresa. Theresa moved to the United States from Poland in the early 1990’s and she has been working at Marshalls for thirteen years, the longest anyone else at Marshalls in Delafield has. We will write a custom essay sample on What Leadership means to me and a time when I was affected by good leadership or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was immediately drawn to Theresa because she is exactly what I think of when I think of leadership. She is innovative, fun, and has excellent work ethic. She coordinates the front line and when Theresa is there, everything gets done. Everyone listens to her and everyone loves her. Though her accent was a little difficult to understand at first, I always go to her for help. She unknowingly inspires me to be a better person. I say unknowingly because she is not trying to be a leader that is just her personality. I was uncertain I made the right decision switching jobs, but if I had not I never would have met Theresa and that would have been a terrible loss.

What are the main causes of social exclusion Essays

What are the main causes of social exclusion Essays What are the main causes of social exclusion Paper What are the main causes of social exclusion Paper Essay Topic: Sociology Social exclusion occurs where individuals become excluded from mainstream society, thus placing them at a disadvantage in terms of life chances. Contrary to the common view that social exclusion is confined only to council estates, individuals from teenage mothers to older adults of various socio-economic levels and family types can easily become excluded from society. This essay shall explain the common occurrences of social exclusion within council estates and their causes. I shall then proceed to discuss the strategies used by various housing organisations to combat the problem. According to the government the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, Social exclusion is a shorthand term for what can happen when people or areas suffer from a combination of linked problems such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime environments, bad health and family breakdown1. To be excluded from society is not a situation exclusive to residents of council estates suffering from disrepair; individuals become excluded from society when various factors2 prevent or limit their ability and opportunity to participate in the mainstream of society. The following are commonly reported examples of social exclusion. One of the most common examples of social exclusion occurs in council estates, where the residents are generally not content with their living conditions but feel it is the best they can gain. They typically spend most of their time in the home or around the estate, rarely venturing out of the surrounding area. The majority of their life surrounds socialising with family and friends. This estate life is therefore important to them because it occupies such a large part of their lives and provides the large majority of their social contacts. Such a resident will have relatively low levels of aspiration and motivation, which is commonly the result of feeling stuck in low-level employment3 or having to rely on social security and other benefits for a relatively long duration. This is known as the benefits trap. They are also poorly qualified4 and skilled, sometimes with low levels of literacy. The type of people who live in this situation do not perceive the high rates of joblessness or increasing disrepair on their estate as significant problems and take it all in their stride. As a result, they accept: o The level of crime, caused mainly by drugs misuse and the anti-social behaviour of other residents. o Their actual and expected levels of relatively low personal achievement and educational attainment. o Qualities in their environment that wouldnt normally be accepted within mainstream society, such as prolonged disrepair and noise pollution for instance. o High levels of pressure from peers to conform to their activities and standards. The main cause of this common example of social exclusion was the major shift from the manufacturing industries to service industries, mainly over the last two decades. This shift was propelled mainly by the fall of the Keynesian economics and the rise in free market economics. The Thatcherism approach adopted by the conservative government of that time also increased the competitiveness of the services sector, thus improving the sector for the public and making the sector more efficient and profitable. This made many redundant from society as a large proportion of people that were skilled in the manufacturing sector made unemployed and left in a generally unsuccessful search for employment. This is because they are not skilled or experienced in the service industry. This was further worsened by the use of ineffective5 and inflexible housing policies; the under funding of public services, which in turn led to the deterioration and withdrawal of public services from housing estates. As a direct result, those that could move out of the area6, did move out of the area, resulting in the residualisation of the social renting sector as council housing becomes a service for those who can not afford to buy (Forrest and Murie, 1990)7. The housing estates have become poorer places with more unemployed residents, less adequate services and a poorer physical and social environment. When those with the opportunity leave the area, it becomes much more difficult to reverse the process of residualisation through renewal and regeneration of the estate. On the other hand, various factors such as inertia, the feeling of little worth and not being able to aspire to achieve more, lack of security, poor educational facilities for children, poor job prospects and a worsening environment, are all valid reasons to move away. Having grown up in the area, however, many feel tied and are reluctant to leave, despite the fact that the quality of the area has deteriorated. It is easy for single parent families to become excluded from society, when there is little or no support available within reach. This is another common example of social exclusion. Most of the young people in such a situation who had been jobless since leaving school had also experienced a troubled upbringing and an unstable family background; many came from broken homes and had been brought up by various different adults, the partners of one of the birth parents, for example. This causes disruption in the childs life on various levels including education. Many studies into this area display a relationship between poor childhoods leading into a poor adulthood, causing repeating generational life cycles. This leads onto the next common example of social exclusion There has been an increasing governmental interest of the government in the anti-social behaviour of teenagers growing into anti-social young adults. More positive attitudes to work and life can be found amongst young people whose parents were working or had worked for most of their lives but on a low wage. There is increasing awareness of the social exclusion of pensioners, especially those found on council estates. They are scared to leave their home, and so choose not to unless absolutely necessary. There is no adequate support for them and there are recently reported high levels of poverty8 amongst pensioners, as those with supplementary incomes rely solely on governmental assistance. About one million pensioners have no income other than the state retirement pension and benefits. Their vulnerability is underlined by figures showing that they spend about half as much on food as those with private incomes. Those with supportive children rely on them to perform basic task such as essential shopping and they are usually the main source of their social contact. Without this, they become prisoners in their own home, paranoid and reclusive, increasing their risk of mental and physical health problems. Other types of individuals that can become excluded from society are ethnic minorities being both a minority in the country neighbourhood, ex-offenders and the homeless and their difficulties with rehabilitation, people with language difficulties, medical problems, and mental health. Due to their heavy dependence on their local area, local facilities of all types are needed. The stigma and reputation of areas further affects residents in seeking jobs and in a variety of other contexts (Lee, 1998)9. Typical qualities as described by Professor Paul Spicker of poor estates are10: o Vandalism As a result of the inadequate space for children and teenagers to play, both in or out of their home. o Rubbish It may cost money that the local authority does not have to pay for the removal of large items of rubbish (such as old furniture). o Home maintenance The maintenance of homes and gardens costs money for equipment, which many poor people do not have. o Lack of community facilities Shops and facilities are not economically viable and so are not invested in. o Empty housing Housing is left empty because the area is unattractive. In comparison, a bad house in a good area would still be taken. o Design There is a clear connection between bad design and problems such as vandalism, rubbish and graffiti. The problems with high-rise blocks have been lack of play space, isolation, disposal of rubbish; noise insulation, reliance on lifts which are often dirty, vandalised or broken; inadequate water pressure, and insecurity because of fears of fire, building movement or crime. Housing organisations are in place to aid the implementation of the housing policies and legislation of the government. In further detail, housing organisations are in place to improve housing services and facilities, making them more effective; improving educational and employment opportunities, which invests in the future generation in the area; to manage funding and to improve the level of tenant involvement through participation and consultation. This helps to determine the needs of the community and its area, giving their strategies the increased likelihood of being effective in the particular area. This also enables the decision makers to prioritise more effectively and makes the tenants feel more involved, as they are aware of the activities within their own area. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation11 is one of the most prominent charities in the UK in this sector. It aims to contribute towards policy making and the development and implementation of current policies through their extensive research in the areas of housing, social care and social policy. Another housing organisation contributing towards the improvement of the social housing sector is the Housing Corporation12 who provides funding using public money for housing associations to provide sufficient homes and services for its residents. Through regulation, the Housing Corporation ensures that these homes and supporting services remain sufficient to the needs of their residents for the foreseeable future. Such social housing organisations are taking on a much larger and influential role in the governmental drive for economic regeneration through social regeneration. This means that through past experience of failed and poorly designed strategies, the government now acknowledges that they must improve the public that they serve and their quality of life for the economy to improve. The following is a summary of a good practice case study carried out by the Housing Corporation on the East Thames Housing Group: o The East Thames Housing Group13 is based in Stratford, East London and currently possesses eight thousand units. o They are involved in the Single Regeneration Budget14 and the City Challenge15 and are said to have good links with local authorities. o With the help of funding from the European Union, the ETHG ran two series of a project entitled Youthstart16 throughout the years of 1995 to 1999. Youthstart was aimed at young people who are viewed by the government as being the most vulnerable to social exclusion. o Through Youthstart, the young people who took part in the project were provided with accommodation, training and further enhancement of their employment opportunities. According to a new study by David Page, the governments war against social exclusion and anti-social behaviour is a race against time to prevent already troubled social housing estates from deteriorating further17. The increasing popularity and frequency of use of the term social exclusion reflects the governments appreciation of the importance of this large issue. As mentioned previously, individuals of various socio-economic levels can easily become excluded from society. Social exclusion is not just about being poor and living on a council estate; it is about literally not fitting in with society. This encompasses an individual not being able or having the feeling that they are not able to go about daily duties that the average member of society performs. This includes shopping, travelling and socialising, but to name a few. Housing organisations such as the Housing Corporation are funded by the Single Regeneration Budget and the City Challenge. Housing organisations are also developing their intra-organisational relations by involving themselves in various anti-poverty projects, mainly through the New Deal for communities18 and social exclusion projects through the Social Exclusion Unit. The deterioration of council housing stock has intensified the social divide between home owners and council tenants. Disadvantaged residents and their areas require constant attention and support. The levels of tight to insignificant budgets and mismanagement of staff and funding have left public services in a poor condition. This needs to be improved if they are to contribute towards the betterment of the troubled estates. Whether such council estates will improve or continue to decline will depend on the response of its residents and the efforts of the local government and their housing organisations. More needs to be done to retain the current residents on the currently troubled council estates in order to prevent further residualisation of the social housing sector. Participation in community-based activities is an important mechanism for social inclusion19. Tenant involvement through the constant use of consultation and participation is one of the major solutions to social exclusion on council estates. It is likely that initial efforts will be met with resistance but persistence is necessary if attitudes are to be changed reversed in order to function in the mainstream of society, rather than anti-socially. The government and their housing organisations have lost the trust of those that have become excluded from society and left to take care of themselves. This has inadvertently created an exodus of people with particular group norms that do not fit in with mainstream society and so are considered anti-social. Those that are socially excluded but do not fit into such group norms are greater victims, as they are totally alone and so receive the worst treatment. More consultation and tenant participation in plans for regenerating the area. This will provide a greater sense of commitment for the residents and enable them to take more pride in their neighbourhood.

Irish Historiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Irish Historiography - Essay Example The Irish Potato Famine and Revolution comprise the twin pillars of the Irish nationalism's post-1923 ideal of the Republic. The two disparate events were celebrated, recalled and made into mythology for very different reasons. The Great Hunger was seen, within nationalist circles, as a largely avoidable food crisis, precipitated and subsequently exacerbated by British ineptitude and an attitude that saw the Irish as expendable quasi-citizens. The Revolution, on the other hand, was portrayed as a glorious event which successfully liberated an oppressed people, while making heroes and martyrs of men such as Michael Collins who, "in a span of six short years brought a country from bondage to a position where she could win her freedom." (Conlon & Barter, 2003, p.20). Both events would likewise serve as the twin axis upon which revisionism was to flourish - the backlash against nationalism both from within and outside of Eire. Fuelled by frustrated patriotism and the deep-rooted influence of the Irish Diaspora in the New World, post-Famine Irish Nationalism espoused an interpretive view of history which conflicted with reality. Furthermore, the practice of history in Ireland has traditionally been merged with oral tales of the past, endowing Irish historiography with a romanticised view of the real life narratives which inspired it. The combination of these two external factors produced a history that was, following the mid-nineteenth century, a potent mix of literature, folklore and propaganda with the result that fact often made way for a more apt form of fiction, unchallenged until the advent of revisionism after 1930. As expressed by R.F. Foster, "rather like generals always fighting the previous battle, cultural revolutionaries rarely get the revolution they expected" (Foster, 2001, p.20). Inspired by romantic writers such as Yeats, turn of the century Irish historians were highly critical of the British Government's sluggish relief tactics in response to the failure of the potato crops in 1845. 'Famine' was renamed 'starvation', with emphasis on the allegedly deliberate nature of the event, and it was taught in republican schools as the only correct version of events. Moreover, nationalist academic research appeared to prove the most damning charge levelled against the British, namely that there was indeed large food stocks available in England and withheld from the starving Irish. The selective use of primary sources determined that revisionist theory, following its emergence in the 1930's, be more concerned with evaluating all of the source material, rather than concentrating only on those facts that underpinned the nationalist republican political ideology. Throughout the dissection of modern Irish history, even after the 1930's, voices that dared to question the v alidity of the term 'starvation' were denounced as traitors or British sympathisers. Indeed, for many years, only those historians who shared the Nationalist viewpoint would receive patronage for their work: this was the historical compromise that mirrored the North/South, Protestant/Catholic divide in Ireland during the twentieth century. Apart from a

William Faulkner "A Rose for Emily" Research Paper

William Faulkner "A Rose for Emily" - Research Paper Example She decided to purchase arsenic poison which she used to kill Homer. It is evident that she wanted to control the life of Homer, the man who attempted to abandon her. Furthermore, in the final section of the story, it is revealed hat Emily is a necrophiliac. In a deeper sense, this further illustrates how Emily wanted to control others. Her attraction to dead bodies simply means that she had the powerful desire to be in total control of others. The secretive side of Emily is also clear. In her analysis of the story, Renne Curry (1994) argues that Emily was unavailable even to the narrator. Curry notes that there was limited knowledge of Emily, and her life remained a mystery. There was an â€Å"extended period of limited knowledge† (Curry, 391). Indeed, in the story, the narrator says that the front door to Emily’s house remained closed for much of her life. In addition, Emily refused to state the reason for buying the arsenic poison, further illustrating her secretive nature. Emily is also a character who lives in denial. She is reluctant to accept the reality. She is some kind of ‘avatar’ because she does not believe in death (Davis, 35). For instance, when her father died, she refused to admit this fact and went ahead and kept his body. In addition, it can be argued that after she killed Homer, she continued to live in denial by keeping Homer’s body. She is portrayed as a woman who not only resists the passage of time but also resists change (Davis, 38). For example, when numbers were being attached to houses, she did not allow the authorities to attach a number to her house. This is an illustration of how she refused to accept change. Curry, Renee R.   â€Å"Gender and authorial limitation in Faulkner’s ‘ A Rose for Emily.’  (Special Issue: William Faulkner)."  The Mississippi Quarterly  47.3 (1994): 391+.  Academic OneFile. Web. 15 Feb. 2013. Davis, William V.  Ã¢â‚¬Å" Another Flower for Faulkner’s Bouquet: Theme and Structure in

Antimicrobial Activity of Oil Extract from Marang Seeds

Antimicrobial Activity of Oil Extract from Marang Seeds Antimicrobial Activity of Oil Extract from Marang Seeds (Artocarpus odoratissimus)  against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis Introduction Essential oils are widely gaining interest a component in medicinal products, food industry and pharmaceutical industry. Many studies were conducted to identify the antimicrobial, antifungal and insecticidal activities of essential oils obtained from plants. Essential oils have many therapeutic activities and they aid the distribution of drugs and antiseptics. Furthermore, the testing of plant extracts for its antimicrobial activity has always been of great attention to scientists looking for new sources for drugs for the treatment of various diseases (Nagala et al., 2013). Antimicrobial Compounds from Plants Phenols According to Cetin-Karaca (2011), phenolic compounds are one of the most diverse groups of secondary metabolites found in edible plants. They are found in a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems and flowers. There are different classes of polyphenols known as tannins, lignins and flavonoids. Cinnamic and caffeic acids are common representatives of a wide group of phenylpropane-derived compounds which are in the highest oxidation state. Herbs such as tarragon and thyme both contain caffeic acid that is effective against viruses, bacteria and fungi. Catechol and pyrogallol both are hydroxylated phenols, shown to be toxic to microorganisms. Catechol has two 2OH groups, and pyrogallol has three. The site(s) and number of hydroxyl groups on the phenol group are thought to be related to their relative toxicity to microorganisms, with evidence that increased hydroxylation results in increased toxicity (Cowan, 1999). Flavonoids Flavonoids are the most widely occurring polyphenol and are present in almost every form of human consumed vegetation. Flavonoids are potent antioxidants, free radical scavengers and metal chelators; they inhibit lipid peroxidation and exhibit various physiological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-hypertensive, anti-arthritic and antimicrobial activities (Cetin-Karaca, 2011). Flavonoids are also hydroxylated phenolic substances but occur as a C6-C3 unit linked to an aromatic ring. Since they are known to be synthesized by plants in response to microbial infection, it should not be surprising that they have been found in vitro to be effective antimicrobial substances against a wide array of microorganisms. Catechins, the most reduced form of the C3 unit in flavonoid compounds, have been extensively researched due to their occurrence in oolong green teas. It was noticed some time ago that teas exerted antimicrobial activity and that they contain a mixture of catechin compounds. These compounds inhibited in vitro Vibrio cholerae, Streptococcus mutans, Shigella and other bacteria and microorganisms (Cowan, 1999). Plant Extracts as Potential Antibacterial Agents Numerous studies investigated about the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts against a great number of bacterial species. Plant extracts were prepared from fresh or dried plant material using conventional extraction methods (Soxhlet extraction, maceration, percolation). Extraction is process of separation of active compounds from plant material using different solvents. During extraction, solvents diffuse into the plant material and solubilise compounds with similar polarity. At the end of the extraction, solvents have been evaporated, so that an extract is a concentrated mixture of plant active compounds. Successful extraction is largely dependent on the type of solvent used in the extraction procedure. Water extracts and extracts from organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone and chloroform are usually used. Diffusion and dilution method are two types of susceptibility test used to determine the antibacterial efficacy of plant extracts. Diffusion method is a qualitati ve test which allows classification of bacteria as susceptible or resistant to the tested plant extract according to size of diameter of the zone of inhibition. In dilution method, the activity of plant extracts is determined as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). MIC is defined as the lowest concentration able to inhibit bacterial growth (Stefanovic, et al., 2012). Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) Artocarpus odoratissimus is also known as Marang, Johey oak or Tarap which is a tropical fruit tree native to Asia. It belongs to the Moraceae family and is closely related to Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and breadfruit (Artocarpus comminis). It originated in Borneo and has been introduced into neighbouring countries, including the Philippines, Malaysia and Thailand. It is an evergreen tree, which can grow up to 25 m tall and has a 40 cm diameter trunk with low buttresses. The leaves are broadly elliptic to obovate at around 16to 50cm long and 11to 28cmwide. They are cuneated at base to slightly decurrent, margin entire or shallowly crenate, and apex blunt or shortly acuminate. It is a monoecious plant so one plant is enough for the production of fruit. The fruit is green, ovoid in shape, quite large, averaging about 16 cm in length, 13 cm in diameter and weighing about 1 kg (KPR Gardeners Club, 2009). It is roundish oblong, regular, and thickly studded with short, brittle, g reenish yellow spines. The rind is thick and fleshy. The flesh is snowy white, very sweet when ripe, juicy and very aromatic. The flesh is separated into segments clinging to the central core and each segment contains a seed. The seeds are many, whitish, 8 Ãâ€" 15 mm in size, smooth surfaced and readily separated from the flesh (Subhadrabandhu, 2001). Escherichia coli Escherichia coliis the most prevalent infecting organism in the family of gram-negative bacteria known as enterobacteriaceae.E. coli is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium propelled by long, rapidly rotating flagella. Escherichia colibacteria were discovered in the human colon in 1885 by German bacteriologist Theodor Escherich. Dr. Escherich also showed that certain strains of the bacterium were responsible for infant diarrhea and gastroenteritis, an important public health discovery. AlthoughE. coli bacteria were initially called Bacterium coli, the name was later changed toEscherichia colito honor its discoverer (Clark, 2005). It is part of the normal flora of the mouth and gut and helps protect the intestinal tract from bacterial infection, aids in digestion, and produces small amounts of vitamins B12 and K. The bacterium, which is also found in soil and water, is widely used in laboratory research and is said to be the most thoroughly studied life form (The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2012). Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus epidermidis belongs to the genus Staphylococcus, and they are facultative anaerobes (Wiedemer, 2012). Staphylococcus epidermidis is a well characterized, non-fastidious, and it is a gram positive bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a coagulase – negative staphylococcus (CNS) they are found and colonizes the skin and the mucous membranes of the human body and they play an important part of it normal flora (Sousa et al., 2008). These species of staphylococcus secretes and produces a biofilm of polysaccharides that protects the cell against the host immune system or antibiotic treatments (Schjorring et al., 2002). These staphylococci are mainly dispersed during skin to skin contact using medical instruments and procedures. Staphylococcus epidermidis can cause infections in humans like meningitis, urinary tract infection (UTI) conjunctivitis, and endocarditis (Wiedemer, 2012). Bibliography Cetin-Karaca, H. (2011). Evaluation of Natural Antimicrobial Phenolic Compounds Against Foodborne Pathogens. University of Kentucky Masters Theses.Paper 652. Retrieved from http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1163context=gradschool_theses Clark, M. (2005). E. coli Food Poisoning: What is E. coli and how does it cause food poisoning? About E. coli. Retrieved from http://www.about-ecoli.com/. Retrieved on July 15, 2014. Cowan, M. (1999). Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents. Clinical Microbiology Reviews Oct. 1999, p. 564–582. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88925/pdf/cm000564.pdf?origin=publication_detail KPR Gardeners Club. (2009). Breadfruit Artocarpus odoratissimus, Marang. Botanix – A Journal About Plants and Gardening. Retrieved from http://www.botanix.kpr.eu/en/index.php?text=6-breadfruit-artocarpus-odoratissimus-marang Nagala, S., Yekula, M. Tamanam, R. (2013). Antioxidant and gas chromatographic analysis of à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ve varieties of jackfruit (Artocarpus) seed oils. Drug Invention Today 5 (2013) 315-320. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0975761913000616 Schjorring, S., Ramos, A., Fraustrup, H., Hallin, P.F. (2002). Pathogenic investigation of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Technical University of Denmark. Retrieved from http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/~pfh/files/mrsa.pdf Sousa,C., Teixeira, P. Oliveira, R. (2008). Influence of surface properties on the adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis to Acrylic and Silicone. International Journal of Biomaterials Volume2009(2009), Article ID718017, 9 pages doi:10.1155/2009/718017. Retrieved from http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijbm/2009/718017/ Subhadrabandhu, S. (2001). Under-Utilized Tropical Fruits of Thailand. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regiona Office for Asia and the Pacific. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/3/a-ab777e.pdf Stefanovic, et al. (2012). Antibacterial Activity of Naturally Occurring Compounds from Selected Plants. ISBN: 978-953-51-0723-1, InTech, DOI: 10.5772/33059. Retrieved from http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/38642.pdf The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. (2012). Escherichia coli. Infoplease.com. Retrieved from http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/escherichia-coli.html Wiedemer, C. (2012). Microbiology Unknown Lab Report. CPR St. Louis. Retrieved from http://aclsstlouis.com/3961/microbiology-unknown-lab-reports/

Voting Rights Act

Movement was a social revolution that had been an Important part of the united States for decades, but it wasn't until the sass's that the movement actually began to actively affect the daily lives of Americans. Previously, the Civil Rights advocates had been attempting to simply integrate themselves into the whole of America as a result of the discriminatory mindset of many whites and the unfair treatment of blacks, but this goal shifted dramatically during the sixties as the movement pushed forward.These early Integration attempts Included non-violent ethos such as sit-ins, demonstrations In Birmingham, and the March on Washington, yet even though the protesters were persistent and used non-violent methods to accomplish this early goal, much of America still refused to listen. In 1964, the Civil Rights Act outlawed segregation in public accommodations, which was monumental to the Civil Rights Movement because It shattered the Jim Crow system.The year after, the Voting Rights Act wa s passed which prohibited racial delimitation while voting. However, even with the ability to fairly vote and with discrimination outlawed by the Civil Rights Act, blacks still found themselves in a seer position than most whites in society and began to strive for higher goals than just integration. Once they had more or less achieved desegregation, many blacks wanted to advance their goal beyond desegregation and into black power.Because of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the goals and strategies of the Civil Rights Movement shifted from non-violent civil disobedience to more militant methods in favor of self-defense and black power even though there was a scarcity of white support. Before the Civil Rights act of 1 964 and the Voting Rights Act f 1965, much of the Civil Rights Movement focused on achieving desegregation and equality.For example, the (The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) was founded by college students in 1960 with the goal of equality and integration, and specifically sought for a social order of Justice permeated of love. Martin Luther King and the people who protested in Birmingham believed that Injustice threatened America, and sought to bring this to the attention of the country. The tactics of the pre-1965 Civil Rights movement varied in specifics, but the overall strategy followed nonviolent methods.Groups such as the SYNC strove for courage, love, acceptance and hope through nonviolent methods, while protesters around the country had similar tactics. For example, in 1963 in Birmingham, Alabama, call rights protesters stood up against unfair laws and police brutality without raising a hand to defend themselves. In such demonstrations, they relied on the media and the pictures taken of their efforts to spread their message across America and raise support.These actions were modeled after other nonviolent movements throughout history such as the Indian Independence Movement in the early sass's. Mo re specific strategies of the Civil Rights Movement included bus boycotts to Integrate public transportation, sit-ins to Integrate public the movement didn't aim to overcome discrimination swiftly; they were thorough and won victories slowly. Movement had moderate goals, and generally did not aim to overcome prejudice in a swift and aggressive manner.Document A: SYNC (The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) was founded by college students in 1960 with the purpose of equality, integration, and with the hope for an integrated society using non-violent methods. Document B: In 1963, civil rights workers protested the treatment of African-Americans in Birmingham, Alabama, and workers including Martin Luther King were arrested. While in Jail, King wrote a letter from Birmingham Jail to the Episcopal clergy of Birmingham with the intent of persuading the people to take action.Injustice anywhere is a threat to Justice everywhere. Document C: Document D: In 1963 President Kennedy told the nation about his goal to provide all Americans equal rights and equal opportunities by asking the United States Congress to act on the subject of equal laws for all citizens of America. As an indirect result of this report, the Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964, which outlawed many forms of discrimination, amended unfair voter registration requirements, and ended racial segregation in public accommodations.Document E: By 1966, the goals of the Civil Rights Movement had shifted from national integration and brotherhood to a more powerful role of black people in society. People such as Stokers Carmichael and other activists for black power aimed for well- off black communities in which humanistic love would prevail. Document F: Civil rights protesters became impatient with the slow-moving pace of non-violent, defenseless demonstrations that had been taking place in the earlier years of the sass's. As a result, groups such as the Black Panther Party were formed, which called Ame ricans. Document G:As a result of both the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Freedom Summer, the percentage of registered African-American voters increased significantly in the south, showing that many of the strategies of previous civil rights workers had begun to change the unjust laws of the American society. Document H: Despite the committed efforts of the civil rights workers to integrate the American society, there were still millions of whites who disagreed with racial equality and the consequences that came with it, as shown by the 1968 election statistics in which nearly ten million people voted for segregationist George Wallace.

Methods of Evangelism Essay

Of the two evangelistic intellectual methods, I have chosen to research the â€Å"Four Spiritual Laws.† Bill Bright wrote, â€Å"Just as there are physical laws that govern how the physical universe, so are there spiritual laws that govern your relationship with God. This method is most used in presenting the Gospel to someone because it is simpler. Bill Bright, the founder of Campus Crusade for Christ, originally wrote this as a booklet. This booklet was designed to help individuals to be more effectual in their witness for Jesus. The Four Spiritual Laws are used to convict, convince, and convert. The Laws are as followed: Law 1: God loves you and offers a wonderful plan for your life. [John 3:16] Law 2: Man is sinful and separated from God. [Roman 3:23] Law 3: Jesus Christ is God’s only provision for man’s sin. Through Him, you can know and experience God’s love and plan for your life. [Roman 5:8] Law 4: We must individually receive Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord; then we can know and experience God’s love and plan for our lives. [John 1:12] According to my research the advantages of using the Four Spiritual Laws approach are, they enable one to be prepared because it is [so simple] and represents the basic truths of the Gospel of Jesus. This method allows you to open up an easy conversation the right way. For example, â€Å"I have been a Christian for years, and I have just recently found a way to express my faith that genuinely makes sense. I would like to share it with you. Have you heard of the Four Spiritual Laws?† At the same time, the most understandable way to explain the Laws is to read the booklet aloud. It gives one the confidence of already knowing what to say because it distinctly pre sents the claims of Jesus Christ. Above all, this is essential to pass on to a non-believer (2 Timothy 2:2). Furthermore, in using this method you can explain all the marvelous things that are waiting for you when you receive Jesus as your Lord. Declaring what the Bibles says, â€Å"If you declare with your mouth, â€Å"Jesus is Lord,† and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. For it is with your heart that you will believe and are justified, and it is with your mouth that you profess your faith and are saved (Romans 10: 9-10). Afterwards, you can encourage an individual to ask questions. Alternatively, there are a couple of disadvantages to using the Four Spiritual Laws. Even though, this method has been effectively used, it can be somewhat confusing to the person whom did not grow up in a Christian culture. An example would be, â€Å"telling someone God has an incredible plan for their life.† This may ultimately sound as if you only have to believe in Jesus, and all your problems will be gone. However, the Bible never promises life will be wonderful. It says, â€Å"Indeed, all who desire to live Godly in Christ Jesus will be persecuted† (2 Timothy 3:12). In other words, even though the Laws explains that you can have an incredible life if you accept Jesus and believe that he died on the cross for you; this is a point that [cannot] be over expressed, but can be reiterated by quoting John 10:10. Another disadvantage in using this method is it does not define sin. In first John, it says that sin is lawlessness, (i.e. Breaking God’s law). While the Four Spiritual Laws does explained sin as being separated from God, it does not explain [what] separates us from God, which in reality is our disobedience of God. Because of our rapidly changing world you cannot automatically assume that everyone understands what sin is. So, when using the Four Spiritual Laws, it is essential to explain sin. Non-believers need to understand that the word sin means breaking God’s laws. Ultimately, this would give the believer a chance to introduce the Ten Commandments, further making them understand the need for a savior. Part TWO- Evangelistic Method #2 Of the Relational Methods, I have chosen to explore â€Å"Lifestyle Evangelism.† In summary, this method is essentially demonstrating ones faith by their actions. It is the most effective way of winning souls. This method should be used on people, whom one interact with the most, people who know someone and see them on a regular basis. Lifestyle evangelism creates a nurturing environment to extend an invitation to Christ. This means an unbeliever will feel a sense of belonging before becoming a believer. Research has shown that a non-believer would be likely to give a believer the opportunity to share their faith, when the believer’s life has proven that their words are sincere, and life altering. In this way, the non-believer would feel a sense of worth before they expose themselves to the Inspired Word. There are some advantages to using the Lifestyle Relational method. In particular, the Father sent Jesus to be the absolute light, to be an example, and demonstrate how people of God should live. We should be living proof that Our Father is who he says he is; that Christ truly is the Son who freed people from slavery to self; and that the Holy Spirit honestly can transform our life. This is truly an advantage affirmation. This example of showing is not a substitute for telling. If words were all we used to explain the gospel, then people would never understand it enough to submit to Jesus. However, showing a person is a necessary preparation for telling. People will always buy into your words when your actions back them up. We must live a life that shows Jesus Christ. Christ told His disciples, â€Å"Let your light shine before men that they may see your good deeds and praise your Father in heaven† (Matt. 5:16). This means the way we handle business, the way we play games, the way we prepare for tests, the way we interact with family. Every thing we do should allow Christ to shine daily in our lives. Another advantage of using the Lifestyle Relational method would be that it is the most profitable and productive method. It not only produces but allows one to be converted, as well as become a disciple, which is what Jesus calls us to do (Matt. 28:19). In today’s culture, when it comes to the truth of the Scriptures, people want to see it validated and lived out in another before they will accept it as the valid truth. Inasmuch as, there are advantages to this method there are disadvantages, as well. One primary disadvantage to this approach is that it can be an easy excuse for Believers. Consequently, instead of aggressively and diligently pursing evangelistic opportunities, Believers may convince themselves that if they just lead honest lives, are open and friendly in sharing their faith, God will take care of the rest. The truth is to be an effective evangelist; you have to be more aggressive in your selection of friends; as well as identifying non-believers with whom you relate to comfortably and who you enjoy being around. Another disadvantage to this method of evangelism is that; it is the most customary approach used among evangelists; it is especially universal among those who share their faith the [least] and who are less likely to [know] of anyone accepting Jesus through these efforts. Lastly, this method is one that is discredited by the Scriptures. Part THREE- Evangelistic Method #3 The â€Å"Confrontational† evangelistic method I have chosen to explore is the Door to Door Evangelism. In summary, this method began with D. James Kennedy in 1960. After preaching at the Coral Ridge Church in Fort Lauderdale, FL; James Kennedy realized that he was afraid to confront unbelievers with the truth of the gospel. Surprisingly, being invited to Decatur, GA to conduct a gospel campaign, he was introduced to presenting the gospel door to door. After he had returned to the church in Florida, he implemented the principles he had learned, and called them the â€Å"Evangelism Explosion.† The primary purpose of Door to Door evangelism is to build relational bridges between the community and the local church. The Bible shows us how the Lord used this method effectively during the history of the church, from the time of the early church until today. Door to Door work is part of the church’s ‘Level One Sowing’ strategy. It is going to the people ins tead of waiting for them to come to the church. Furthermore, this method of evangelism is one of the few ways that ascertains each household can be reached with the gospel. With this in mind, there are some advantages to using this method of evangelism. For example, almost anyone can do this technique of outreach; because there are no rare or exceptional skills required. Another key advantage; like all outreach it conveys that the church is interested enough to go out to the people. It also opens up valuable contacts for far more than ordinary evangelism. Lastly, it is a fairly cheap means of outreach, and easy to organize. Nevertheless, this method of evangelism is not without its disadvantages and critics. Since 1973, research has shown and labeled this method to be outdated, old fashioned and ineffective in today’s society. Consequently, when doing door to door work it should be done in teams; and always done in teams when ladies are involved. However, this presents a problem because building mixed sex teams are not always easy to organize. Another disadvantage is that some forms of this method are not suitable for the younger generation. Lastly, it is hard to motivate people to do this form of evangelism. In essence, once they begin, many individuals find it enjoyable and much easier than expected. Part FOUR – Application of These Methods to Your Own Life The method that I have chosen that suits me best is Lifestyle Evangelism. I chose this one because when Jesus said, He did not come to â€Å"to be served, but to serve, and to give His life,† He was not just explaining His mission; He was showing us how to live (Matt. 20:28). For me, living a life that is Holy and acceptable in God’s eyes is the best way to show others how much work He has done in me, for me and through me. This method works best for me because, when I walk the walk, I can talk the talk because it shows. This allows me to introduce Jesus to many of the people around me, from the grocery store to the car wash. Even when I am not actively evangelizing I am because of my lifestyle. I may not always see the role I play in different people lives, but according to our text states we should constantly plant the seeds of gospel. There are some whom will plant and others will water. This role of evangelism is comfortable for me. It allows me to approach non-believers with confidence, to share my testimony. Being an evangelist for Jesus has become cool, and why not? Personally, it feels incredible to choose good over evil. Living an acceptable life for Christ, is allowing God to shape my character into the likeness of Him. Evangelizing should not be something we do every now and again, but it should be the way we are call to live. My attitude should be the same as Jesus. Apostle Paul said it like this, â€Å"In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus: Who, being in very nature of God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage, rather he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness (Philip. 2:5-7). While writing this paper, I received a compliment from a stranger. I thought it was the best compliment I have ever received. It was, â€Å"Miss, are you a Pastor or Evangelist, I ask because you have an [anointed] air about you.† I was taken back, and when I thought about it, tears fell. This is my daily prayer that I would decrease, and God would increase in me. References BibleGateway.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.biblegateway.com Bright, B. (n.d.). Four Spiritual Laws Online. Retrieved from http://www.campuscrusade.com/index.html Earley, D., & Wheeler, D. (n.d.). Spiritual Farming. In Evangelism Is: How to Share Jesus with Passion and Confidence (pp. 85-92). Relational Evangelism. (n.d.). Http://www.cmfhq.org/Portals/0/acrobat/training/Rel_Evangelism Stewart, D. J. (n.d.). Confrontational Soul Winning †¦Verses Lifestyle Evangelism. Retrieved from http://www.jesus-is-savior.com/Believer’s%20Corner/confrontational_soulwinning.htm You Can Share The Gospel. (n.d.). MTA BIBLE. Retrieved from http://www.mtabible.com/evangelism-methods/10-four-spiritual-laws.php

The Crucible And Salem Witch Trials Similarities - 790 Words

Leah Zafir Mrs. Ephrati American History 12 December 2017 Salem Witch Trials and The McCarthy Era The United States of America is filled with many historic events, enriching its history. Many events that occur are compared to past events in our history. In particular, the McCarthy Era in the 1950’s was compared to the Salem Witch Trials which occurred in 1692. This correlation was first made by Arthur Miller who wrote the play â€Å"The Crucible†. He connected the time period of McCarthy to where there was a hunt for communists, to the Salem Witch Trials where there was a hunt for witches. Following that, many comparisons and contrasts have been made between the two. The Salem Witch Trials and McCarthy Era are both similar, yet different.†¦show more content†¦This led to the beginning of the Salem Witch Trials, in which more and more community members were accused. Nineteen people were hung, and two dogs were killed. Giles Corey was pressed to death with stones upon refusing to testify Most people were accused using s pectral evidence, which is evidence based on dreams or visions. The trials were put to an end when Governor Phips own wife was accused, and he made spectral evidence illegal. (Ushistory.com) (Wallenfeldt) The Salem Witch Trial had many effects. First, the colony had neglected their crops and homes, and suffered from scarce food and higher taxes. Also, the law required that you had to pay for your board and food before leaving the prison. Many people were stuck in the prisons, since they could not afford to pay for their release. (Sutter) Additionally, on January 14, 1692 a fast day with prayers was declared in Salem over the great tragedy. Many people publicly confessed their guiltiness, such as Judge Samuel Sewall. It was only in the year 1957, that the state of Massachusetts properly made an apology. However, the lasting legacy of the trial still lives on. (Wallenfeldt) The McCarthy Era in the 1950’s, was a time in American history when Senator Joseph McCarthy began accusing people of being part of the communist party. After WWII, the United States enemy was no longer Japan and Russia, but there alliesShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between The Crucible And Salem Witch Trials1 079 Words   |  5 Pages The Crucible is a play that explains the story the Salem Witch trials. Arthur Miller, is the author of this play. McCarthyism played a big role in the creation of The Crucible. Many differences and similarities were drawn between the play and the Red Scare. The horrors of history are passed on from generation to generation in hopes that they will never happen again. People look back on these times and are surprised at how terrible the times were. Yet, in the 1950s, history repeated itself. DuringRead MoreSimilarities Between The Crucible And Salem Witch Trials725 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Everyone loves a witch hunt as long as its someone elses witch being hunted.† this is a quote by Walter Kirn. The Crucible and the Salem Witch Trials are very similar to the time of McCarthyism and it the most likely reason the why the book was written. â€Å"It was not only the rise of McCarthyism that moved me, but something which seemed much more weird and mysterious.† (Budick 1985) a quote by the author himself proving it was a factor that made him write the book. They were both witch hunts one literallyRead MoreRed Scare And The Crucible Comparison Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesRed Scare and The Salem Witch Trials were both eve nts that left a mark in American history. The Red Scare began in 1917 and took place across the United States. The Red Scare was known as the widespread promotion of anti-communism. The Salem Witch Trials began in 1692 and took place in Salem, Massachusetts. The Salem Witch Trials were various court hearings and prosecutions of people in Salem accused of Witchcraft. Arthur Miller wrote The Crucible, a play about The Salem Witch Trials, to send a messageRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1358 Words   |  6 PagesA. The movie, The Crucible, was produced in 1996 and portrayed the dramatized play written by Arthur Miller in 1953. The movie story deals with the Salem, Massachusetts hysteria in 1692 with an irrational fear of the devil. Witch hunts and false accusations resulted. Trials took place and resulted in the hanging and associated death of more than 20 people and the false imprisonment of many others. B. The Salem witch trials were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraftRead MoreAnalysing the Historical Content of the Crucible1409 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay, I intend to analyse the historical content of The Crucible and its relevance in today s society. I believe that Arthur Miller s life and his experience of McCarthyism strongly influenced the writing of The Crucible. McCarthyism, named after Joseph McCarthy was a period of intense anti-communism, which occurred in the United States from 1948 to about 1956. During this time the government of the United States persecuted the Communist party USA, its leadership, and many others suspectedRead More McCarthyism and The Crucible contain many similarities and differences772 Words   |  4 PagesMcCarthyism and The Crucible contain many similarities and differences in their persecution and accusation of people who are identified as criminals of their societies. McCarthyism and The Crucible contain many similarities and differences in their persecution and accusation of people who are identified as criminals of their societies. Both events in history contain extremely similar circumstances, including the accusation of one person leading to a mass hysteria enveloping a society toRead MoreTerror Of A Mass Hysteria Hoax1082 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the sixteenth century, witch trials caused the deaths of thousands as chaos spread throughout Europe. Many European villages in history have witnessed witch executions and the imprisonment of suspected witches. The Crucible, along with the Salem Witch Trials and the European witch trials, have many similarities and differences that make them both memorable and important. The Salem Witch Trials lasted from, roughly, February 1692 to May of 1963. The trials in Salem were started by a group ofRead MoreThe Witch Hunt in The Crucible and During the Time of McCarthyism1356 Words   |  6 Pages In this essay, I intend to analyse the historical context of The Crucible and its relevance in today’s society. I believe that Arthur Miller’s life and his experience of McCarthyism strongly influenced the writing of The Crucible. McCarthyism, named after Joseph McCarthy was a period of intense anti-communism, which occurred in the United States from 1948 to about 1956. During this time the government of the United States persecuted the Communist party USA, its leadership, and many others suspectedRead Morethe crucible vs real life766 Words   |  4 PagesLearning From the Past The Salem Witch Trials were an extremely controversial period of time in our history. This was a time of suspicion and accusation of many innocent women and men that led to hysteria and complete turmoil in Salem Village. The Crucible portrays the Salem Witch Trials in a dramatic sense, but there are many similarities between the movie and the actual events. We can use these unusual events to compare to our own lives and learn from the mistakes of our past. I’ve found thatRead MoreCommunism And Communism In Arthur Millers The Crucible711 Words   |  3 Pagestitled â€Å"The Crucible†. The McCarthy hearings of the 1950s inspired the notable play. Consequently, after the hearing, McCarthyism became a vociferous campaign carried out by Senator Joseph McCarthy, which accused people of communism. To declare, Miller uses an analogy using the events of the Salem Witch Trials of 1693 to expose the ugly truth behind communism and McCarthyism. To begin, the word crucible derived from the Latin root word â€Å"crux† means cross. In explanation, a crucible is a severe